Benito Mussolini :: essays research papers

Benito Mussolini was born on July 29, 1883 in Predappio. The son of a blacksmith he was largely self-educated. He became a schoolteacher and a socialist diary keeper in northern Italy. In 1910 he married Rachele Guidi who bore his volt children. Mussolini was jailed in 1911 for his opposition to Italys war in Libya.in short after his release in 1912 he became editor of the socialist composition in Milan, "Avanti". When WWI began in 1914 Mussolini advocated Italys entrance into the war on the allied side and was expelled from the socialist party. He then started his own newspaper in Milan, Il Popolo dItalia (The People of Italy) which later became the origin of the fascist Movement. In 1916 Mussolini enlisted in the military. After his promotion to sergeant he was wounded and in 1917 he returned to his paper.During the Chaos that Gripped Italy after the war Mussolinis influence grew swiftly. Mussolini and other war veterans founded Fasci di Combattimento in March of 1919. This Nationalistic antisocialist movement attracted much of the commence middle class and took its name from the Fasces, an ancient symbol of Roman discipline. The Fascist movement grew rapidly in the 1920s, spreading through the countryside where its threatening Shirt Militia won stake of the land owners and attacked peasant leagues of collective Supporters. To take advantage of the opportunity Fascism shed its initial Republicanism gaining the support of the King and Army. On October 28, 1922 Mussolini led his Fascist March on Rome. Mussolini was now invited to form the Italian Government by King Victor Emmanuel III. Although Mussolini was disposed(p) extraordinary powers to return order to Italy he governed constitutionally until 1924 after the vehemence of the 1924 elections resulting in the death of Socialist party deputy Giacomo Mattoetti. Mussolini moved to suspend constitutional government and establish a totalitarian regime. He proceeded in stages to establish a dic tatorship by forbidding the parliament to arise legislation, making him responsible to the king alone. By 1926 he had passed decrees issuing him the soldiery of law, establishing total censorship of the press and suppressing all opposition parties. In 1929 Mussolini do one of his greatest diplomatic triumphs when he concluded the Lateran Treaty mingled with Italy and the Holy See. This settled the 60-year controversy concerning the power of the Pope within the Italian State. In 1933 Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany and was